Ebays Strategy Information System

Ebays Strategy Information System Every time, the digital technology is evolution. Electronic business (e-business) is one of digital economic that grows up. The term used to describe the information systems and applications that support and drive business processes, most often using web technologies (The National B2B Centre Limited, unknown date). E-business has been implementation on Internet and the society since many years. It is a new way for companies and people do business today. The integration of a companys activities is establish with e-business including products, procedures, service. It exist many business model on the Web as e-mall, portal, auctions, communities of interest or value chain service provider (McKeown, 2003, page 220). The purpose of this article will descriptive and analyse the realising the benefits of Strategy Information System (SIS) through an on-line business as eBay Inc. In 1995, Pierre Omidyar has created auction on-line for customer-to-customer and business-to-consumer (Hsiao, unknown date). Today, the worldwide is auction leader. There is a hundreds of millions of buyers and sellers that connect every day. The undertaking is going from strength to strength. In 2009, the revenue of organization exceeds more 8 billion dollars (Jain, 2009, page 5). The article concludes with the examining of impact of government policy it. Strategy Information System (SIS) SIS adopting SIS as a strategic IS/IT or competitive information systems, represents a fundamental refocusing of the IS activities away from the previous back room attitudes towards the market place in which the organisation works (Pritam, 2010,Chapiter 2). The objective of SIS provide increase efficiency the process automate existing information flows and operations that constitutes a sustainable and significant competitive edge (PEPPARD, 1993, page 13). Why they adopting SIS? Companies use SIS in order to try to do change the industry structure and thereby to disturb the competitive forces in a market. It enables to give a high quality service, creates new product and saving cost thereby to obtain business competitive advantage over their competition (PEPPARD, 1993, page 13). SIS for competitive advantage The competitive advantage helps the company to maintain their efficiency and strategic position thereby decrease a competitive disadvantage and meet other strategic enterprise objectives (Phillips, 2005). Porter defined competitive advantage as growing fundamentally out of the value a firm is able to create for its buyers (Peppard, 1993, Chapter 3, page 54). Innovation strategy: Implement electronic commerce is need strategies to counter these threats for companies. They should emphasize innovation, because innovation is the one thing that is most difficult for other companies to imitate (McKeown, 2003, page 235). It is a new service including a new way to do business: buy and sell real-time. EBay develop unique auction markets with the assistance of IS, it is a disruptive technology for shop locally. Auction of principle is the buyers enter competitive bids and sellers enter competitive offers at the same time. The price a stock is traded represents the highest price that a buyer is willing to pay and the lowest price that a seller is willing to sell(Investopedia, unknown date). With Internet, the buyers can to introduce and sell more easily their product and capture large customer contrary auction classic. The sellers can know the latest news and information from all around the world in just a blink of time by access to internet (MengHan, 2007). People can start a business or to get rid of thing through eBays website. Internet constitutes a gain time. One of benefit of SIS is the eBay havent got inventory and saving cost. Moreover, it is the first on-line auction that constitutes an advantage on market. Differentiation through better services In 2002, revenues of company decreased following an incident that loss of confidence between buyers and sellers. To remedy this eBay created a system that enables customers to rate their sellers. This step helped to improve consumer comfort, which is a key factor in e-procurement strategies (Troy, 2010). The system of eBay is strong, company use Greenplum to manage one kind of data (DBMS, 2009). EBay develop many services, software and tools for customers need and delivering value and solution to problem: Skype: an Internet communication offering, allowing people everywhere to make unlimited voice and video communication for free between the users of Skype software (eBay, unknown date). PayPal: it is system that facilitates the transaction and security. EBay acquires an acquisition price of $1.5 billion. It is enables any individual or business with an email address to securely, easily and quickly send and receive payments online. PayPals service builds on the existing financial infrastructure of bank accounts and credit cards and uses the worlds most advanced proprietary fraud prevention systems to create a safe payment solution. (eBay, unknown date) Software Developer Kit (SDK) is an application for the eBay API. Application Programmers Interface (API) is an active member of the eBay Developers program, offers eBay certified solutions to automate listing lifecycle processes. (Intechnic company, unknown date) The benefits of eBay Integration is integration of the eBay API will increase your revenue while decreasing operating expenses, improving the efficiency and cost effectiveness of your eBay operations in all phases of the listing lifecycle. Furthermore, eBay API integration can also be used to quickly retrieve large amounts of information about other listings on eBay which can be automatically processed, analyzed, and presented to you in a report from which you can use to identify income opportunities. There is a multitude of additional applications and advantages of eBay API Integration and Intechnic Corporation can create a modular, scalable solution tailored to your companys needs and goals. (Intechnic company, unknown date) EBay Tools as solutions to improve the use of eBay developing with Java and J2EE which simplify the buying and selling process by providing functionality for listing multiple items, creating templates for repeated use, inventory management, sales and account management, email tools, and financial reporting. (Chen, 2005) Solution for buyers via eBays website that are payment as e-learning (figure 2). Community around customer services as show Illustration 2. eBay strives to provide high quality customer service, with the help of many different technologies to provide online support, such as chat rooms, discussion boards, and frequently asked questions. (Chen, 2005) Every year, eBay improve the quality and customer service in developing or design tools and architecture. This notion links other strategy that is customer-orientation strategy. The benefits are a available all time to support customers and a detailed customer service information can cut down on phone calls to the company. Cost leadership strategy The firm offer the services at the lowest cost in the industry. Indeed, eBay offer to buyers and sellers to doing business on Internet with a physical presence in the exchange is now no longer necessary. They dont pay to be present or transport. So, eBay provides virtual space and software tools and reduce their cost for people. (Hemmatfar, 2010) About eBay, there are not inventory since its customers supply the product thereby reducing their cost without logistics and supply. Growth strategy: externalisation and accessible The base of business is founded by technology that have a lot of advantage and successful as Internet connecting all the people of the world very closely (MengHan, 2007), so technology facilitates the function of auction market. EBay Marketplace has a powerful online platform for the sale of goods and services and offers localized sites in the following markets as Asia Pacific, Europe, North America and Latin America (eBay, unknown date). In addition, the eBays pages are translated many languages as English, French, Spanish or Chinese that allows to be externalisation and accessible for many countries. Appropriate strategic alliances The firm establishes new business linkages and alliances with suppliers, customer, other companies or competitors for develop and perform their high software and services. Higher architecture The eBay infrastructure is compound a fifteen thousand servers. This environment is a software-as-a-service. New features are deployed every two weeks to both core and international platforms. Starting with C++ and moving to Java, XML, and HTML, in half an hour and deploy it automatically to QA or stage it to production. Strong hopes to accelerate development to a monthly, rather than quarterly, cadence. Managing a rapidly-evolving infrastructure to minimize the latency of process that end users, both buyers and sellers, experience is an everyday reality (MacFarland, 1996). For example, with the design a new architectural with Java technology and MSXML eBay have many benefits are a new architecture expected to handle growth in transaction volumes and increased number of registered users over the next 5 years and beyond-learning to eBay become a $3 billion dollar company. More than 25% architectural framework and design reuse helping to significantly speed development cycle. Moreover, perceptible improvement in application performance-faster, more efficient page loads and responses. (Marshak, 2003) EBays keeping the site up and running. In 1999, eBay was galvanized when a catastrophic systems failure blacked out the entire auction site for 22 hours. The company lost millions in transaction fees and billions in market value as investors dumped shares. Two results of the Big Crash remain paramount to this day: first, eBays realization that remaining up on a 24/7 basis is a mission-critical business imperative; and second, the hiring of Maynard Webb as CIO. Every analyst consulted for this story acknowledged Webbs crucial role in eBays evolution. (Hill, 2003) E-business strategies for value chain Internet value chain helps eBay to how use Internet in a company strategically (Figure 3) Impact of government policy It is a set of responsibilities and practices exercised by the board and executive management with the primary purpose of providing strategic intent, or direction, ensuring that corporate objectives are achieved, ascertaining that risks are managed appropriately and verifying that the enterprises resources are used responsibly. This provides a degree of protection to the organization, its customers, suppliers and stakeholders (Chita, 2010) The company has developed a set of community policy in order to consistent and safe trading in the Internet based market. Every year, eBay constantly conducts reviews of its policies and user agreement and makes changes and adjustments. Some of the updates are routine and some of them are necessary due to information system issues. For example, in 2001, when the company had discovered a bug in its registration procedure, it reset the personalized settings for over 6 million of its customers. (Chen, 2005) In terms of consumer protection, eBay say: we treat your information as an asset that must be protected and we use numerous tools (encryption, passwords, physical security, etc.) to protect your personal information against unauthorized access and disclosure. However, as you probably know, third parties may unlawfully intercept or access transmissions or private communications, and other users may abuse or misuse your personal information that they collect from the Site. Therefore, although we work very hard to protect your privacy, we do not promise, and you should not expect, that your personal information or private communications will always remain private (eBay, 2007). For example, eBay changed its policies about some JavaScript functions used in online auctions for security purposes and has PayPal Purchase as discussed above. (Chen, 2005) Moreover, eBay requires that all users be at least 18 years of age. The reason behind this policy is that in the past underage bidders have placed bids on items that they never intended to purchase, and as minors they cannot be held legally responsible. (Chen, 2005) Much investment to avoid a financial loss of data if there is disaster. The system must be strong, reliable and efficient. For example, a security incident would reveal PayPal accounts from users. The firm must to use a methodology as Control Objectives for Information and related Technology (COBIT). It is a good year framework strategy to help organization Maintain and Develop a standard system of IT governance (GOESSLER, unknown date). The model is centered on the client. The structure of employees is dedicated to customer service. The company is headed by the sellers and buyers. They are involved in the transaction. EBay plays a role as an informant and must have to find solutions to meet customer needs, adapting to customers. For example, eBay created a system to evaluate the actors to help sellers and buyers achieve recognition as good sellers those who deliver within the agreed-upon time frame or good buyers those Who Pay for Their order (Zara, 2008). Furthermore, it allows knowing the status and other details as you can see in Figure 4. This system reassures them whether it is a buyer or seller or not reliable. The notation is made from the two previous players of the transactions. Conclusion Strategy information system gives to companies an opportunity to have a gain advantage and other benefits that improve their system, process and services as eBay case. The creating a competitive advantage results comes alignment strategy organizational information systems. Indeed, IS are inevitably associated with government policy, because they have an influence on access to a key resource: information. The concept comes in. The government companies must comply. eBay has tried to avoid policing its site for activities that violate local rules and instead has chosen to issue disclaimers and rely exclusively on its sellers to abide by local rules (Daniel, unknown date). Company must to assurer security of system en permanence as authenticating users, authorizing access, and enforcing security features or security process payment. In this eBays case, is in developing and improving software and digital infrastructure tools that lead to the creation of a safe, secure, information-rich on-line trading community. The companys strategy is to allow users to innovate using the tools that it provides, regardless of what they are buying or selling or where they are buying or selling it (Daniel, unknown date). So, good strategies ISs have contributed to eBays long lasting, success and enhance the position of leader in the global market.

Impact of Race in Othello Essay -- GCSE Coursework Shakespeare Othello

Impact of Race in Othello One of the major issues in Shakespeare's Othello is the impact of the race of the main character, Othello. His skin color is non-white, usually portrayed as African although some productions portray him as an Arabian. Othello is referred to by his name only seventeen times in the play. He is referred to as "The Moor" fifty-eight times. Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) states that a Moor is "Any individual of the swarthy races of Africa or Asia which have adopted the Mohammedan religion. In Spanish history the terms Moo, Saracens, and Arabs are synonymous." This indicates that Othello is constantly being degraded and set up as an evil person throughout the play. What this really means is that Othello is being judged by his skin color rather than the person under the skin. The view that whites and non-whites are equal is a relatively new concept in our society. In institutionalized racism, such as American slavery, those of a different color were often viewed as inferior. As Shakespeare wrote Othello, this idea was becoming quite prominent as England entered the African slave trade. One can look at the racial issues from the perspective of color, slavery, and society. There are many references in the play to indicate that Othello was dark colored. The first image we, as a reader, are given of Othello is that of a black ram having sexual relations with Desdemona (1.1.89-90). Later on in the play, there are many other references to Othello's color and race. Desdemona's father, Brabantio, is appalled to learn that his daughter is having a relationship with a "sooty bosom" (2.3.27). Emilia refers to Othello as a black devil (5.2.132). Othello even calls himself black (3.3.265). Iago also... ...hello is driven mad by the force of Iago's suggestions, indicating that he is merely a victim of another man's jealousy. Works Cited 1 Norman Sanders, ed. Othello. Cambridge: New York, 1995: 12. 2 C. W. Slights. "Slaves and Subjects in Othello," Shakespeare Quarterly v48 Winter 1997: 382. 3 C. W. Slights. 380. 4 Norman Sanders, ed. 10. 5 J. Adelman. "Iago's Alter Ego: Race as Projection in Othello," Shakespeare Quarterly v48 Summer 1997: 130. 6 C. W. Slights. 388. Works Consulted Bradley, A. C.. Shakespearean Tragedy. New York: Penguin, 1991. Di Yanni, Robert. â€Å"Character Revealed Through Dialogue.† Readings on The Tragedies. Ed. Clarice Swisher. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1996. Reprint from Literature. N. p.: Random House, 1986. Muir, Kenneth. Introduction. William Shakespeare: Othello. New York: Penguin Books, 1968.   

How does Owen explore horror of war? Essay

In the poem ‘Dulce et Decorum Est’ Owen effectively discusses the true sadness and horror about war, of young men ushered by the home-front, in particular the women and the church to go to war to achieve honour and recognition. However the men who go to war become mentally and physically disabled from the violence and inhumane nature of war through the great loss of life. The young soldiers receive no honour from war and there was a great lack of recognition for them. The soldiers became dependent on the community at home after becoming disabled and before growing and experiencing independence, losing all quality of life. In the poem ‘Dulce Et Decorum Est’, Owen explores the concept of the mental trauma suffered by the soldiers using first person â€Å" In all my dreams before my helpless sight† to emphasize the extensive amount of mental trauma the soldiers suffered during war. The word choice of ‘dreams’ highlights the irony in this quote where even a scene as horrifying as this, is still incomparable to other encounters that he would qualify as nightmares. This idea is further explored in the inclusive language â€Å"If you could hear, at every jolt, the blood come†¦ from the froth-corrupted lungs† the inclusive language and truncated sentence shocks the readers with horrifying depiction of a gas attack. The tone of reflection and horror emphasises the traumatic experience of the soldier and how he will always be haunted by it. Owen further explores the horrors of war in ‘Dulce Et Decorum Est’ where he describes the soldiers experiences with such confronting images that it shocks and horrifies the readers, for example â€Å" Obscene as cancer, bitter as the cud Of vile, incurable sores on innocent tongues† the truncated sentence is used effectively to highlight and describe the horrifying image of the soldiers appearance after being gassed at war. The commas in the truncated sentence slow down the pace of the poem to make the readers fully grasp and imagine the sight. Owen has also used hyperbole â€Å" Men marched asleep. Many had lost their boots† to further exaggerate the extremities of the conditions of the soldiers, where they were so tired they appeared to be sleeping. The illusion in ‘Many had lost their boots’ further illustrates the tremendous amount of physical damage. Boots were considered to be the most important protection at war from becoming lame from trench foot or any other infections caused by the sludge they walked through. The mention of losing their boots dictates just how poor the soldier’s conditions were. Owen’s tone is pitiful and sad because of the extreme physical condition of the soldiers were so horrific that they were life threatening, and were all for nothing as the soldiers who went to war for honour and recognition, never received any. The horrors of war is explored by Owen through sadness of the loss of youth in the war and lack of quality of life and recognition for the soldiers â€Å" My friend, you would not tell with such high zest to children ardent for some desperate glory the old Lie: Dulce et decorum est Pro patria Mori† The archaic language of ‘Dulce Et Decorum Est, Pro Patria Mori’ means ‘it is sweet and honourable to die for our country’. Owen uses the latin phrase to challenge the home-fronts notions of the honour in war by using one of the foundations of this belief. The use inclusive language of ‘my friend’ is used to speak directly to the reader as to create a greater understanding of Owens objection of the notions at the home-front surrounding war between them. The words ‘my friend’ are also used sarcastically by Owen as he blames the home-front for the loss of youth. In the quote, Owens tone is angry, guilty and pitiful for what the young soldiers experience, Owen uses capitol letter â€Å"Lie† to emphasize the importance of the word to the reader. The poet uses structure to highlight the horror of war â€Å"Gas!Gas! Quick,Boys!† the alliteration of the G is harsh and creates a sound of soldiers running to save their lives, also the uses of the exclamation marks are used to make the poem more conversational which makes the reader more emotionally involved through the poem. The structure is 4 unequal stanzas the stanzas vary in length to give the impression of the soldiers drifting in and out of consciousness, either through fatigue or through the gas attack. The poem’s structure is to see it as being based on two sonnets. The first one, with one stanza of 8 lines and one of 6 follows the stanza form, if not the rhyme structure of the classical Petrarchan sonnet. The second one could be seen as being an inversion of the stanza form of the Shakespearians sonnet( 3 quatrains or 12 lines plus a final couplet). Owen uses rhythm and rhyme â€Å"sacks-backs, sludge-trudge, boots-hoots† to convey the idea of soldiers marching. In conclusion Owen uses a variety of techniques such as simile, alliteration and rhymes to convey the horror of war; also by using good diction, vivid comparisons, and graphic images to have the reader feel disgusted at what war is capable of. This poem is extremely effective as an anti-war poem, making war seem absolutely horrid and futile.

ok essays

ok essays The Great Barrier Reef is the biggest group of coral reefs in the world. It stretches along the coast on the north-east part of Australia. It is called the Great Barrier Reef because it creates a barrier between the Pacific Ocean and the coast. The Great Barrier Reef is a scattering of thousands of individual reefs. The reefs is on the World Heritage List made by UNESCO, because of its size and its many different plants and fishes. The reef lies in the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park, the worlds largest marine park. It has an area of nearly 350 000 square kilometres. The reef region is 260 000 square kilometres. The reef region is a popular tourist attraction because of its warm climate, sandy beaches, colourful wildlife, tropical islands and ideal conditions for water sports. The Great Barrier Reef stretches north and north-west from Gladstone, Queensland, to a point in the Gulf of Papua. The Great Barrier Reef is longer than 2000 kilometres and consists of nearly 3000 different reefs. An average reef is about 110 square kilometres in area. The area that The Great Barrier Reef lies in has relatively shallow waters of about 40 metres deep. The Great Barrier Reef consists of billions of smal animals called coral polyps and plants called coralline algae. The coral reef is built up by dead corals, with a thin outside of living corals. A coral reef includes many species of corals, such as staghorn coral, brain coral, honeycomb coral and mound coral. Almost 1500 of 3000 kinds of fish known to live in the seas around Australia are found in the reef region. Angelfish, cod, manta rays, mackerel, butterfly fish and surgeon fish all live in reef waters. Other animals that live in the reef waters include crabs, shrimps, crayfish, sea urchins, sea stars, sea cucumbers, soft corals, sea fans, sponges, sea anemones and worms. ...

Training and Development in the Internationally Operating Organisation

Training and Development in the Internationally Operating Organisation The work of the human resource management in internationally operating organisations is focused on the effective training and development of employees in order to increase the workers’ qualification and create the professional teams in all the departments of the company in spite of their location.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Training and Development in the Internationally Operating Organisation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More From this point, internationally operating organisations develop specific training and development programs which are oriented to improve the employees’ performance and productivity along with contributing to the positive atmosphere at workplace. To guarantee the employees’ career development and professional growth, it is possible to use training and development programs which are retained centrally or handled locally. Thus, on-the-job and online training and deve lopment programs along with the cultural awareness programs are effective when they are handled locally, and workshops and seminars can be conducted centrally as well as the specific programs of assessment developed to receive the information about the definite employees’ abilities, achievements, and preferences. Training and development programs are used in companies to increase the employees’ potential and job satisfaction which often results in improving of job performance and productivity (Porter Tansky 1999). These programs are necessary to provide the employees with the opportunity to develop their career and avoid the significant gap in the employees’ qualification with the help of the appropriate training (Al Ariss 2010). From this perspective, those programs which are oriented to the unification of the work of all the international company’s departments should be conducted centrally. Internal specialists can conduct theoretical lectures and prac tical seminars and workshops in order to provide the multinational specialists with the knowledge of the specifics of the company’s work. The employees’ results and achievements should be also assessed centrally. Moreover, specific assessment programs which are conducted centrally are necessary to examine the employees’ competencies and skills with references to the company’s standards and requirements (Sims 2007). If the necessary training and development programs are not based on the company’s central office, employees do not receive the necessary knowledge about the requirements and standards followed within the organization.Advertising Looking for assessment on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Much attention should be paid to the cross-training activities and expatriate training. The focus on the international assignments as the component of the development p rograms is effective for improving the work of the local company’s departments (Bennett, Aston, Colquhoun 2000). Before receiving the training retained centrally, the employee should also complete the pre-departure training conducted locally. Moreover, all the specialists who are prepared to work in the other country should be provided with the necessary pre-departure training in spite of their position and specialization. The programs oriented to the work with the foreign language and culture are important. The role of the local training and usage of the development programs is important because of the specifics of working in the international companies. It is a difficult process to organise the participation of the majority of employees in seminars and training programs which are retained centrally. Specialists are often invited to participate in such types of the career development and training programs. However, many training programs can be available for employees local ly. On-the-job training which is conducted by the foreign specialists is effective because employees improve their knowledge and skills without interrupting their working process (Dowling, Festing, Engle 2008). According to Suutari, much attention is paid to the development of the workers’ practical abilities (Suutari 2001). The task of the human resource management is to develop the effective schedule, choosing the relevant subject for the program and appropriate number of hours for the programme’s realisation. It is also important to focus on the aspects of cross-training and job rotation as the effective methods to develop the employees’ skills and abilities. If the results of cross-training involving specialists from different departments of the international company can be assessed after the completion of training with references to the employees’ practical usage of the acquired skills, the effects of job rotation cannot be assessed immediately (Sim s 2007). Sims also states that job rotation as the effective development program is the prolonged activity (Sims 2007).Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Training and Development in the Internationally Operating Organisation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Those persons who exchange their positions develop new competencies and skills. It is important to note that job rotation can be based on the local resources of the company as well as to be international, referring to the needs of the company (Goergen, Brewster, Wood 2009; Wang McLean 2007). Thus, many leaders of the international organizations practise job rotation among the specialists from different countries in order to develop the competencies and abilities of employees working in the multinational corporations. Training and development programs can be implemented in international corporations centrally or locally depending on the company’s needs , resources, and associated costs. From this point, those programs which are implemented locally are discussed as more profitable when the programs retained centrally more contribute to the increase of the employees’ qualification. That is why, the many international companies use both the types of programs to respond to the corporate needs. References Al Ariss, A 2010, ‘Modes of engagement: migration, self-initiated expatriation, and career development’, Career Development International, vol. 15 no. 4, pp. 338-358. Bennett, R, Aston, A, Colquhoun, T 2000, ‘Cross-cultural training: A critical step in ensuring the success of international assignments’, Human Resource Management, vol. 39 no. 2, pp. 2-3. Dowling, P, Festing, M, Engle, A 2008, International human resource management: Managing people in a multinational context, Thomson Learning, London.Advertising Looking for assessment on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Goergen, M, Brewster, C, Wood, G 2009, ‘Corporate governance and training’, Journal of Industrial Relations, vol. 51 no. 4, pp. 461-489. Porter, G, Tansky, J 1999, ‘Expatriate success may depend on a learning orientation: Considerations for selection and training’, Human Resource Management, vol. 38 no. 1, pp. 47-60. Sims, R 2007, Human resource management: Contemporary issues, challenges and opportunities, IAP, USA. Suutari, V 2001, ‘Role of on site training and support in expatriation: Existing and necessary host company practices’, Career Development International, vol. 6 no. 6, pp.298-311. Wang, X, McLean, G 2007, ‘The dilemma of defining international human resource development, Human Resource Development Review, vol. 6 no. 1, pp. 96-108.

Network Management & Security Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Network Management & Security - Essay Example The use of an Ethernet switch will allow quicker access to services and should handle all bandwidth issues. More switches can be added to accommodate more devices as they are added. There are three critical areas to consider when comparing Linux to Windows XP as a potential candidate for network operating system platforms: vulnerability to both attacks from outside the company's LAN/WAN and internally through security breeches, patch management with respect to the continual need to apply security patches, and availability and distribution of security information. Let's look at these security measures: Most Linux system have not been infected with a virus. This may be due to the fact that virus writers are not, at the moment, occupied with writing code to affect Linux machines based on the fact that it is UNIX based. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 9 contains all the components required for compliance with the Common Criteria Evaluation CAPP/EAL 4+, improving on the top-rated CAPP/EAL 3+ certification achieved in version 8. Windows patch management is well documented as a problem due to the amount of vulnerabilities that are present within the software itself. This is a large issue when calculating the TCO of an operating system. According to TechNewsWorld, "one major financial institution had to go to its board of directors to approve an additional $10 million to finish this patch. After MS Blast and the cost of patching that, it's, 'Here we go again,' as new vulnerabilities are found deeply ingrained in Microsoft systems." The article also mentions the plight of another financial institution that was forced to take down its IT system for three weeks to patch its Windows desktop machines. There is a continued weight the cost of continually patching Microsoft products when deciding which operating system to purchase. Availability and

The effectiveness of SMS,Internet and other advertising for business Essay

The effectiveness of SMS,Internet and other advertising for business incubators - Essay Example This is a relatively new form of advertising, yet one that has already generated a wide range of textual sub-types. (Hughes, 1998) For example, there are simple 'banners' pasted across WebPages advertising a particular service or product; there are whole sites run by specific companies, such as Coca-Cola or Benetton; and there are mailshots that arrive in people's email boxes, in the form of brochures, memos and letters. In addition to these more obvious forms of advertising, there are now, of course, Internet versions of some of the texts such as university prospectuses and church posters (for an example of the latter, go to http://www.bbc.co.uk and click on 'religion'.Although some concern has been expressed that the standard of advertising has been poor on the Internet and that this has damaged the chances of dot-com companies to turn a profit, there is no doubt that Internet texts can be very imaginative because of the resources available to them for interactivity. What follows i s a starting point for thinking about the ways WebPages offer a different kind of read from paper pages. Getting some idea about this will be important in order to assess how online advertising texts might work. (Judge, 1998) WebPages and SMS as Advertising Tools For incubators firms advertising, WebPages are organised very differently from their paper counterparts. In fact, the term 'page' when applied to an Internet text is a metaphor. Electronic texts are not formed of pages at all, but we are encouraged to think in this way because it makes electronic discourse seem familiar and approachable. Electronic texts are a bit like a set of Russian dolls: as you read a screenful of text and click a link, you are taken to a new set of information and new links. You can keep going until all the links run out which, in some cases, will take the reader a long way from their starting point (often called a 'homepage'). This process is sometime referred to as non-linearity: paper texts are described as linear because they are processed line-by-line, while electronic texts can be read in many different ways, with readers jumping between sections of text, between different pages, and between different Internet sites in a non-linear fashion. (Solomon, 1995 ) As will be inferred from reading the above, electronic texts are often seen as offering more opportunity for interactivity than paper texts. Readers can scroll pages in various directions, can click through to new information via links, can stop a page working altogether, and can, in many cases, save and archive a text in their own files. Interactivity works both ways, however: it isn't just about the reader being active, since the availability of certain kinds of electronic tools also allows a webpage to be in motion in the way a paper page can only dream about. Animated graphics allow language and images to dance and sing (provided the computer has a sound card, in the latter case); pictures can dissolve and re-form to show narrative progression of an idea; a question can be asked in the text, then disappear and form itself into an answer. Line drawings and logos can appear to come to life, and the only limits to colour, glitter and other appearances of physicality are